Chinese researchers present new biosensors for real-time visualization of neuropeptides in Science. ‘Regardless of the research question, this technique is an enrichment for everyone conducting research on peptidergic neuromodulation.’   

Neuropeptides function as neuromodulators, transmitting signals between nerve cells. Over 100 different neuropeptides have been described, and in the brain, they are involved in a wide range of functions, including metabolism, sleep, reproduction, stress and cognition. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a crucial role as receptors for neuropeptides, making them essential in transmitting signals. This receptor group is therefore a promising target for drugs against various conditions, including obesity and insomnia. However, it is necessary to precisely know where and when a specific neuropeptide binds to its corresponding GPCR.  

Until now, suitable experimental techniques to track real-time neuropeptide release were lacking. Existing methods measure changes in enzyme activity or gene expression, providing only indirect information about neuropeptides and their receptor.